If you want to define an electric lines of force, then it has to be defined as a straight or curved path, with which to transfer a unit positive charge when free to do so in an electric field. Then, the direction of motion of the unit positive charge gives the direction of the line of force.
If the lines of force are straight, it is because the electric field is an isolated charge and the lines of force are curved because the field of two or more charges is nearby.
Thus a line of force would also be define as a curve, which is tangent to any point which gives the direction of the electric intensity at that point.
See also this : Coulomb’s law – electric charges and fields
Properties of electric lines of force Class 12
There are 8 properties of electric lines of force. And it is very important for 12th class as well as engineering students to know about it.
So let’s know about these 8 properties.
(1) The electric line of force will be directed away from the positively charged conductor and the electric line of force will be directed towards the negatively charged conductor. Simply put, the line of force will start from a high potential source and end at a low potential.
(2) Two lines of force never cross each other. If two lines of force intersect each other, then two tangents could be drawn to the line of force at the common point. This means that there are two directions of intensity at a point, which is not possible.
(3) The number of lines of force per unit area is proportional to magnitude of . Thus , more concentration of lines represents stronger electric field.
(4) Lines of force are longitudinal or contracted in length. That is, they have longitudinal stress as shown in the figure. Due to this property two opposite charges attract each other.
(5) The lines of force exert lateral pressure. They later repel each other. This explains the repulsion between two like charges.
(6) The lines of force meet normally on the surface of a spherical conductor.
(7) The lines of force never pass through the conductor. From this we know that the electric field is not present inside the conductor.
(8) And there is one more property, electric line of force that you have to always remember. and that is, One unit of positive charge gives 4π lines of force in air.
So, I hope you understand this.
Also we can find the direction of the electric field. If a line is drawn at any point on the line of electric force. So this would have proved that electric line of force do indeed exist.
Do the electric lines of force really exist?
Yes, electric line of force really do exist. Because line of electric force give information about the electric field arising from the movement of a charge or system of charge.
Where the line of electric force is denser, the electric field is stronger. But where the electric line of force is rare, the electric field is weak. If the lines of electric force are parallel to each other, then the electric field will be uniform.
So you must have understood that what are electric lines. And what are its properties. But if it is understood in a more simple language, it means to say that it can also be understood in this way. So let’s know .
About Electric Line of Force
Electric force lines are imaginary smooth curves drawn in an electric field whose tangent at any point represents the direction of the electric field at that point. That is, it represents the direction of the force acting on a positive charge placed at that point.
If a positive charge is free to move in an electric field, Then it will move in the direction of the force acting on that charge.
And the direction and magnitude of the force are different at different points in this electric field. So,
So, the path of this charge will be curve. Then the curve path is call the electric force line.
We are sure that you must have got a lot of information from this article , So here are some important things about electric lines of force that you should know.
If you still need any more information about this, then definitely tell us by commenting.